The Tajik Government has adopted the Concept of Productive Employment of the Population for the Period up to 2040.
Productive employment is considered by the International Labour Organization (ILO) as employment yielding sufficient returns to labor to permit a worker and his/her dependents a level of consumption above the poverty line.
Under this Concept, the country’s population is expected to reach 11.5 million by 2030 and 100,000 new jobs are planned to be created a year.
The Concept is expected to be implemented through a number of five-year programs of a medium-term development of the productive employment of the population in Tajikistan.
The expected outcomes of the implementing Concept and indicators measuring them will be specified in the medium-term programs.
The main objective of all these programs is in implementing the National Development Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period up to 2030, which provides clues about development of the country under two scenarios: 1) industrial development; and 2) industrial-innovative development.
The Concept also notes that irrespective of the high rate of natural population growth in the country, the development of labor resources in Tajikistan will remain stable and high and they will rise 40 percent by 2030, reaching 7.6 million people.
The labor migrant process involves mostly the male population of rural area, and the trend has continued. The majority of labor migrants are young men aged 15 to 29 and aged 30 to 39 having general education. Meanwhile, the share of labor migrants having vocational educational has decreased.
An unadapted and unorganized nature of external labor migration remains a pressing challenge in the field of labor employment of the population.
Decrease in the share of labor migrants having vocational education leads to decrease in social protection of labor migrants.
Another problem in this field is concentration of labor migrants in one country, lack of diversification of labor migration.
Low education requirements for jobs are also one of the main problems impeding development of the productive employment of the population in the country.
To solve these problems it is proposed to a new socio-economic paradigm, a hallmark of which is an economic growth focused on employment, gaining and equality.
