In 2025, Tajikistan greatly increased its electricity exports to neighboring countries, according to the Ministry of Energy and Water Resources (MoEWR). The total electricity export reportedly reached 5.356 billion kilowatt-hours, a 37.3% increase compared to 2024 (an increase of 1.454 billion kWh).
Of this total, 2.666 billion kWh were supplied to three neighboring countries, worth 912.8 million somonis (approximately $100 million). More than 90% of this export occurred during the period of high river runoff, from April to September.
Electricity exports by country
· Afghanistan
Volume: 742 million kWh
Sum: 1.8 billion somonis
· Uzbekistan
Volume: 170 million kWh
Sum: 895 million somonis
· Kyrgyzstan
Volume: 1 million kWh
Sum: 12 million somonis
Overall, Tajikistan’s electricity production in 2025 amounted to 23.983 billion kWh, a 6.5% increase compared to 2024.
Electricity exports are divided into several categories, each with distinct characteristics:
· Commercial export — Sale of electricity to the external market for profit, based on market relations and contractual obligations.
· Technical export — Export of electricity to maintain the stability of energy systems, such as balancing frequencies and ensuring grid reliability.
· Humanitarian export — Supply of electricity to disaster-stricken areas, often free of charge or on favorable terms.
· State or intergovernmental export — Electricity supplies based on interstate agreements, which may include favorable conditions or political objectives.
· Bilateral export — Supplies of electricity governed by agreements between countries, often involving barter of goods and services.
Each type of export serves a different purpose and may vary in terms of supply conditions and payment arrangements.
Electricity imports and losses in 2025
Electricity imports to Tajikistan in 2025 totaled 2.702 billion kWh, a 67% increase compared to 2024. Specifically, 2.688 billion kWh were imported from Uzbekistan in the winter, and 13.9 million kWh from Kyrgyzstan, with Tajikistan selling electricity to Kyrgyzstan during the summer months.
Electricity losses in 2025 amounted to 3.992 billion kWh, or 15% of the total, a 3.6% decrease compared to 2024. The Ministry of Energy notes that losses in generation (0.37%) and transmission (3.1%) comply with international standards, while losses in distribution networks, which account for 15.6%, still require close attention.
