The number of Tajik nationals seeking political asylum in Poland is reportedly increasing.
Radio Liberty’s Tajik Service reports 830 Tajik nationals applied for political asylum in Poland last year, which is 8 percent of a total number of persons who applied for political asylum in Poland in 2016.
Until 2014, the number of Tajik nationals seeking political asylum in Poland was 105, according to Radio Liberty’s Tajik Service.
In 2015, Poland reportedly granted political asylum to 539 Tajik nationals, which was five times more than in 2014.
Meanwhile, EurasiaNet.org reported on January 17 that according to data provided by Poland’s Office for Foreigners, a growing number of Tajik nationals began claiming asylum toward the end of 2015, as the crackdown back home was picking up steam.
The number of claims reportedly peaked last May, when 129 individuals applied for international protection — compared with 18 the same month a year earlier. In recent months, the number has been declining. Only four asylum applications were registered in November last year.
At the same time, according to data provided by the Polish Border Guard, between January and October 2016, 5,503 Tajik nationals were denied entry into Poland, a surge from 1,896 over the same period in 2015.
EurasiaNet.org said that according to the data provided by Poland’s Office for Foreigners, in 2016, 13 Tajik nationals were granted refugee status or another form of international protection in Poland. Another 633 applications were discontinued, most of them due to the absence of the applicant. Six people were sent back to Tajikistan.
Human Rights Watch (HRW) has also expressed concern about the fate of asylum-seekers strained at Polish border. The HRW report, Poland: Asylum Seekers Blocked at Border, which was released on March 1, 2017, in particular, notes that Polish authorities routinely deny asylum seekers at the Belarus-Poland border the right to apply for asylum and instead summarily return them to Belarus. Since 2016, large numbers of asylum seekers, mostly from the Russian Republic of Chechnya, but also from Tajikistan and Georgia, have tried to apply for asylum in Poland at the border with Belarus, according to the report.
The numbers reportedly peaked during spring and summer 2016, with up to 200 to 300 asylum seekers each day, down to 40 to 80 a day during the winter. When they arrive at the border station by train from the Belarus city of Brest, Polish border guard officials briefly interview passengers seeking asylum. Usually all but a handful are denied entry into Poland and the ability to apply for asylum. The written decisions handed to asylum seekers usually refer to whether the person has a visa or entry residency permit, without comment on or acknowledgement of the person’s protection claim. Those denied access are sent back by train to Belarus the same day.
Belarus has provisions in law for an asylum system, but in practice it does not offer meaningful protection. The report says that Tajiks, many of whom have experienced abuse in Tajikistan and fear deportation or harassment from Tajik security forces in Russia, cannot get effective protection in Belarus, which views Russia as a safe third country.
In 2016, Poland’s recognition rate for asylum seekers from Russia (including Chechens) was 5.6 percent and for those from Tajikistan, 10.5 percent. This compares with average across the EU 28 member states of 19 percent for asylum seekers from Russia and 27.5 percent for those from Tajikistan.
